Thermocouple colour codes
IEC 60584-3 and ANSI MC 96.1 colour codes for every thermocouple type — plus the older DIN, BS, NF C and JIS codes still found on installed equipment.
Kjaerulf Pedersen a/s · Knowledge Center
Knowledge Center
Reference guides, standards tables and unit converters for industrial sensor technology — from temperature measurement to vibration, motion and humidity.
The Kjaerulf Pedersen a/s Knowledge Center is a reference library for industrial sensor technology: thermocouple and Pt100 standards tables, thermowell material data, wiring guides and unit converters, together with application knowledge from the industries KP serves.
Pt100 · IEC 60751
Move the pointer along the curve to read the resistance at any temperature.
Reference guides
Thermocouples
Thermowells
Sensor selection
Pt100
Wiring
Transmitters
Standards tables and selection guides
Each guide is a complete reference page with the full tables — and every page prints cleanly for the workshop.
Thermowell materials
Selection table for metallic thermowells: maximum temperature and corrosion resistance in oxygen-rich, reducing and sulphurous environments — from 304L to platinum-rhodium.
Temperature sensor types and ranges
Pt100 and thermocouple types B to T side by side: temperature ranges, conductor materials and the IEC 60751 / IEC 60584 tolerance classes.
Pt100 resistance table
Resistance in ohms from −200 °C to 850 °C according to IEC 60751, with the Callendar-Van Dusen formula and worked examples.
Pt100 wiring: 2-, 3- and 4-wire
What lead resistance does to accuracy, when each connection is the right choice, and connection diagrams for one, two and three elements.
Temperature transmitter guide
Head-mounted or rail-mounted? An overview of 4–20 mA temperature transmitters for Pt100 and thermocouple inputs, including HART and hazardous-area options.
Tools
Unit converters
Type a value in any field and the others update instantly. The formulas and the most common values are written out below each tool, so any result can be verified by hand.
Temperature unit converter
°F = °C × 9/5 + 32 · K = °C + 273.15
| °C | °F | K |
|---|---|---|
| −196 | −320.8 | 77.15 |
| −40 | −40 | 233.15 |
| 0 | 32 | 273.15 |
| 100 | 212 | 373.15 |
| 600 | 1112 | 873.15 |
| 850 | 1562 | 1123.15 |
How do I convert Celsius to Kelvin?
Add 273.15 to the Celsius value. Example: 25 °C = 298.15 K. Kelvin is written without a degree sign.
How do I convert Fahrenheit to Celsius?
Subtract 32, then multiply by 5/9. Example: 77 °F = 25 °C.
What is absolute zero?
Absolute zero is the lowest possible temperature: −273.15 °C, −459.67 °F or 0 K.
Pressure unit converter
1 bar = 100,000 Pa = 14.5038 PSI ≈ 0.9869 atm ≈ 1.0197 kp/cm²
| bar | PSI | kPa | atm |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 14.50 | 100 | 0.987 |
| 10 | 145.04 | 1,000 | 9.869 |
| 100 | 1,450.4 | 10,000 | 98.69 |
| 500 | 7,251.9 | 50,000 | 493.5 |
How do I convert bar to PSI?
Multiply the bar value by 14.5038. Example: 10 bar ≈ 145.04 PSI.
What is kp/cm²?
Kilopond per square centimetre, also called a technical atmosphere (at). It is an older unit: 1 kp/cm² = 98,066.5 Pa ≈ 0.9807 bar.
Why does pressure matter when selecting a thermowell?
The thermowell must stay within its design limits, so the process pressure decides the wall thickness and the design of the well.
Application knowledge
From the field
Selected cases where measurement knowledge made the difference — from ship motion to vibration monitoring.
Motion · Marine
Ship Motion Monitoring and Container Loss
How real-time motion data gives the bridge earlier warning of parametric and resonance roll.
Motion · LNG
Vessel Motion and LNG Boil-Off Gas
Why pitch and roll drive boil-off through sloshing — and what continuous motion data changes.
Vibration · KPV200
Vibration Monitoring in Water Treatment
Pressure surges, leaks and pump faults leave a signature in vibration data — caught early.
Looking for products and datasheets?
The full product programme — with specifications and datasheets — lives on the product pages.